Coupled with the physical environment of the city and human social activities， the study of the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of the city's spatial structure can clarify the current needs of urban development and provide references for the layout of territorial spatial planning. Based on multi-source geographic big data， the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of urban spatial structure are portrayed in terms of both hierarchical structure and circle distribution from the perspective of coordination of urban static-dynamic system， taking the main urban area of Wuhan city as an example， using night light remote sensing data， POI data， land use data and road data， and drawing on the concept of coupled coordination degree. The results show that： （1） in terms of temporal changes， the spatial structure tends to be perfect in the main urban area of Wuhan between 2010 and 2020， and the scope and number of urban centers also appeared to extend and increase. （2） The distribution of advantages and disadvantages of spatial structure is unbalanced in the main city state for ten years， forming an overall pattern with the city center and gradually decreasing along the circle gradient towards the periphery from the perspective of space. （3） The portrayal of characteristics of urban spatial structure coulping urban static-dynamic system based on multi-source geographic big data is highly consistent with the actual development of the city， which is helpful to deepen the understanding of urban spatial structure and provides a reference for urban planning.