Cu/Al dissimilar metal welding is widely used in energy, electronics, chemical industry and other industries because of its economic and technical advantages in reducing weight and saving resources. However, due to the significant differences in the chemical composition and physical properties of the base metal, brittle intermetallic compounds are easy to form in the welding process, resulting in cracks and other defects, which will reduce the mechanical properties of Cu/Al welded joints. In recent years, laser welding has been applied to Cu/Al dissimilar metal welding because of its unique advantages, which has attracted extensive attention of scholars at home and abroad. In this paper, the research progress of laser welding of Cu/Al dissimilar metals, such as microstructure and mechanical properties, power modulation to improve the quality of Cu/Al welding joint, filler to improve the performance of Cu/Al welding joint and the stability of Cu/Al laser welding, is reviewed, and the future development direction of laser welding dissimilar metals is predicted.