A small amount of CeO₂ powder is added to AlCoCrFeNi-TiC₅/WC₁₅ high-entropy alloy coating prepared on 316L substrate using laser cladding technology. After the addition of CeO₂ powder, the wear and corrosion resistances of the coating are investigated under different environments. Scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffractometer (XRD), microhardness tester, friction and wear testing machine, electrochemical workstation, and other instruments are used to characterize the coating and test its performance. The research results show that cladding coating can form a variety of shapes of microstructure, such as flower, cellular, grape dendritic structure, etc., whereby the discovery of these microstructures provides a morphological basis for the formation of body-centered cubic (BCC), face-centered cubic (FCC), and other phases of cladding, which to a certain extent promote grain refining and improve the hardness of the coating. By addition of 2.0% CeO₂ mass fraction of the cladding layer, the maximum hardness is attained, and the maximum Vickers hardness is 702.5 HV; in comparing the wear amount and friction coefficient, the coating with 2.0% CeO₂ is found to provide the best wear resistance. In terms of corrosion resistance, the electrochemical corrosion performance of coatings in 3.5% NaCl solution, 1 mol/L NaOH solution, and 1 mol/L H₂SO₄ solution are compared, thereby finding that adding 2.0% CeO₂ to the base AlCoCrFeNi-TiC₅/WC₁₅ coating provides the best corrosion resistance of the cladding layer.