In order to realize high precision comparison between remote optical clocks, the two-way optical phase comparison scheme proposed by the Calosso group in Italy is extended, and a two-way optical phase comparison method based on local measurement is proposed. Two optical signals which come from the same laser source are injected from two ends of the same optical fiber. One signal transmits to the far end through the optical fiber and then returns to the local end by reflection. The other signal transmits from the far end to the local end through the optical fiber. In this way, the two signals are beaten at the local end with the reference light to obtain the phases of the two beat signals. In this case, the common-mode phase noise induced by fiber links can be eliminated without the active fiber phase noise compensation. The most important advantage is that the acquisition and the processing for beat frequency signal can be done at the local end without adding extra time synchronous signal to ensure the synchronization of beat frequency signal acquisition, which simplifies the experimental system. The ultimate phase noise performance of the scheme is calculated, and a demonstration system based on 60 km spool fiber is established. The frequency instability are 1.45 × 10-16 for 1 s and 1.51 × 10-19 for 1000 s. The scheme is expected to be used for more reliable high precision frequency comparison among remote optical clocks and other advanced atomic clocks.