With the rapid development of quantum algorithms and quantum computers, classical cryptography is facing potential security threats. Quantum key distribution (QKD) has become a core solution to address this challenge as a key technology for information-theoretic security. High-dimensional quantum key distribution (HD-QKD) has rapidly emerged as an important research direction in QKD field with its higher information capacity and stronger noise resilience. In recent years, HD-QKD has been widely applied to various photonic degrees of freedom. This paper reviews the latest developments in HD-QKD technology, emphasizes the experimental achievements of different degrees of freedom in HD-QKD. Additionally, it analyzes the challenges associated with these degrees of freedom and explores the future development directions of HD-QKD.