As to the deficiency of ignoring multilayer heat insulation material or simply taking its heat transfer process equivalently as the thermal insulation steady state process in infrared characterization research of spatial targets, the factual heat transference ways of multilayer heat insulation material were considered and the temperature calculation models of multilayer heat insulation material′s radiation heat transfer, solid thermal conduction and residual gas thermal conduction were established. On the base of the models, the influence of different heat transference ways of multilayer heat insulation material on a satellite′s surface temperature and infrared feature in 3-6 μm band and in 6-16 μm band was calculated and analyzed. The calculation results show different heat transference ways of multilayer heat insulation material have more influence on the satellite′s infrared feature in 6-16 μm band than in 3-6 μm band. The research result has referential value for improving infrared feature calculation precision of spatial targets.