According to the size of the area affected by hair loss, alopecia areata can be divided into alopecia areata pelada (AAP), alopecia totalis (AT) and alopecia universalis (AU), which can occur at any age and is more common in young adults. This article introduces the widely used and effective clinical methods of fractional laser, plum blossom needle, Minoxidil, JAK inhibitor and glucocorticoid method in the treatment of alopecia areata, summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of various methods, and finally makes a summary and prospect for the development of the treatment for alopecia areata. It provides necessary theoretical support for further research on the treatment of alopecia areata in the future.