When the beam is transmitted in turbulent atmosphere, the wavefront of the beam will be destroyed with the increase of the transmission distance due to the existence of atmospheric turbulence, which is not conducive to the extraction of the information carried by the beam at the terminal. Based on the generalized Huygens-Fresnel principle, this paper investigates the evolution behaviors of one-side limited extended edge dislocation and optical vortex in turbulent atmospheric transmission by taking Gaussian beams with the two dislocations as the research object. The results show that because of the different bending degree of the edge dislocation, with the increase of the beam transmission distance, the one-side limited extended edge dislocation will disappear or evolve into an optical vortex after disappearing. As the transmission distance continues to increase, optical vortices induced by atmospheric turbulence will appear in the wavefront of the beam. When the beam is transmitted far enough, the optical vortex induced by atmospheric turbulence and the optical vortex evolved by edge dislocation will annihilate, or annihilation will occur between the optical vortices induced by atmospheric turbulence. The optical vortex carried by the beam itself is stably transmitted throughout the transmission process. The research results of the paper have important applications in the field of optical communication.