Written documents serve as crucial evidence in legal cases. The examination of suspicious documents in litigation is crucial for ensuring the authenticity, legitimacy, and validity of documents. As an important supplement to nondestructive examination of suspicious documents, hyperspectral imaging (HSI) technology integrates advanced imaging and spectral analysis technologies, which can rapidly obtain information on the composition of the document material as well as potential traces of tampering and forgery. Furthermore, it can provide accurate data on physical and chemical attributes for the examination of the authenticity of suspicious documents. In this study, a hyperspectral imaging system, image characteristics, and data analysis methods are introduced. Additionally, research progress of HSI in suspicious document inspection is reviewed from four perspectives: document material inspection, document manufacturing time inspection, document alteration inspection, and fuzzy record reading. Finally, the paper outlines the future development directions for the application of HSI technology in document examination, with the goal of offering valuable references for forensic examination of documents.