Sinusoidal textured surfaces with different area densities were prepared on the surface of 40Cr material using nanosecond lasers. Then, the friction and wear properties of the textured surfaces were tested on a CFT-I friction machine at room temperature and under oil lubrication conditions. Additionally, finite element analysis was utilized to explore the influence of the texture area density on friction and wear properties. The results indicate that the optimal texture area density under oil lubrication conditions can effectively generate local dynamic pressure effects, increase the wear resistance of the sample, and significantly improve friction and wear performance. The sinusoidal texture with an area density of 25% (width to depth ratio of 2.322) exhibits the best friction performance, reducing the friction coefficient by 20.4% compared to the non-textured sample.