In this paper, an atmospheric optical wireless communication system based on Turbo code is introduced and investigated. Based on analysis on losses and noises of optical wireless system, characterizations of the optical wireless communication system based on Turbo code are presented with simulations. Compared with uncoded system, the Turbo-coded optical wireless system improves the performance of optical wireless link because Turbo code compensates losses and noises of link and improves jamming-rejection capability of system.