Optical frequency combs consist of a series of evenly spaced frequency components with stable phase interrelationships across the spectrum. Since their inception, they have brought about significant advancements in the fields of optical frequency metrology and precision measurement. With continuous innovation in micro-nano processing technology, researchers have successfully realized the generation of microcavity optical frequency combs based on the third-order Kerr effect on chip-scale platforms. These on-chip integrated Kerr optical frequency combs have the advantages of large channel spacing, exceptional coherence, small size, low power consumption, and easy integration. Additionally, they are compatible with complementary metal oxide semiconductor processes, enabling low-cost, large-scale fabrication and bringing significant opportunities for applications in microwave photonics, precision optical sensing, coherent communication with multiple sources, and other on-chip integrated systems. Currently, sensing applications based on on-chip integrated Kerr optical frequency combs are developing rapidly, with technical solutions continually being updated, bringing new breakthroughs in functionality and performance. Focusing on the engineering technology, first, this paper provides an overview of the emerging material platforms and recent research progress in the generation of on-chip integrated Kerr optical frequency combs. Second, it reviews advancements in their applications in optical sensing fields, such as lidar, precision spectroscopy, and distributed fiber sensing. Finally, it summarizes and provides an outlook on the current research status and future development prospects of on-chip integrated Kerr optical frequency combs.