In order to improve heat shock resistance of phosphate laser glass,a surface strengthening treatment method with base and acid buffer solutions is studied. Evaluated from surface morphology and mechanical property of phosphate laser glass,it is demonstrated that this method is better than fine ground with 303 abrasive,surface treatment in strong mixed acid,and chemical-mechanical polishing. The results indicate that this method is more efficient to remove the surface drawbacks .Phosphate laser glass which is treated by this method presents higher surface micro-hardness and higher flexural strength as well. Experimental resultshows that the thermal damage threshold and laser efficiency of surface strengthened phosphate laser glass is improved when it is pumped with flashlamp in repetition frequency.