A cavity-enhanced Raman spectrometer equipped with an automatic sampling and waste disposal device was designed to address the challenge of rapid quantitative analysis of ions in uranium ore in situ leaching solutions. Standard solutions of $${\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}^{\text{2-}}$$, ${\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}^{\text{-}}$, ${\text{CO}}_{\text{3}}^{\text{2-}}$, and ${\text{HCO}}_{\text{3}}^{\text{-}}$ were tested to establish standard quantitative analysis models for these anions. This enables rapidquantitative analysis of these ions in in-situ leaching solutions from a uranium mine in China. Compared to other enhancement cavities, near-concentric cavities offer better cost-effectiveness and structural simplicity, enhancing Raman scattering signals by increasing the number of reflections of the incident laser light. The near-concentric cavity used in this experiment enhanced the Raman scattering signal by 23.77 times for single-beam incident laser light. To avoid the cumbersome nature of manual operations and the introduction of experimental errors, a dedicated automatic sampling and waste disposal device was designed for the cavity-enhanced Raman spectrometer, capable of functions such as selective sampling, sampling liquid level monitoring, air purging, and automatic waste disposal. The inclusion of the automatic sampling and waste disposal device aids in expanding the functionality of the cavity-enhanced Raman spectrometer in online detection. Compared to traditional quantitative analysis methods (such as titration), cavity-enhanced Raman spectroscopy offers advantages such as high sensitivity, ease of operation, no need for reagent pretreatment, non-destructive detection, rapid detection, and the ability to detect multiple molecules and ions simultaneously, providing a novel and efficient analytical tool for fields such as chemical analysis. Experimental results show that the detection limits of this technique for $${\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}^{\text{2-}}$$, ${\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}^{\text{-}}$, ${\text{CO}}_{\text{3}}^{\text{2-}}$, and ${\text{HCO}}_{\text{3}}^{\text{-}}$ are 50, 50, 17, and 30 mg·L^-1, respectively, with correlation coefficients (R²) of the established standard quantitative analysis models exceeding 0.999, demonstrating excellent analytical performance and linear response capabilities. Five sets of tests were conducted on actual in-situ leaching sample solutions from two mining areas using the models, revealing that the acid leaching solution contained $${\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}^{\text{2-}}$$ and ${\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}^{\text{-}}$, with average ion concentrations of 10 743.10 and 1 253.52 mg·L^-1, respectively, and relative standard deviations (RSD) of 0.39% and 1.39%, respectively. In contrast, the neutral leaching solution contained $${\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}^{\text{2-}}$$, ${\text{CO}}_{\text{3}}^{\text{2-}}$, and ${\text{HCO}}_{\text{3}}^{\text{-}}$, with average ion concentrations of 1 400.87, 98.31, and 550.04 mg·L^-1, respectively, and RSD of 1.42%, 2.13%, and 1.69%, respectively. The comparison of experimental results using cavity-enhanced Raman spectroscopy showed much smaller errors than those using titration, further demonstrating the great application value of cavity-enhanced Raman spectroscopy in accurate and efficient quantitative analysis of ions in solutions.