A remote imaging radar system based on ultra-wideband chaotic signal generation and radio over fiber is proposed and demonstrated experimentally. The radar system consists of a central station, optical fiber links and a base station. At the central station, an ultra-wideband chaotic signal is generated by an improved Colpitts oscillator and then is up-converted as a probe signal. The probe signal is converted into an optical signal by using the external modulation technique of laser diode. Optical fiber links are used to transport optical signals to the remote base station or back to the central station. At the base station, the optical signal is transformed into the microwave signal and then transmitted by a horn antenna. At the receiving end, the echo signal from a target is converted to be in optical domain and then transported to the central station, where it is collected after optical-to-electrical conversion and down conversion. The target imaging is obtained by utilizing the correlation method and back projection algorithm. Experimental results show that the proposed radar system can achieve remote imaging for single and multiple free-space targets with a distance of 10 km. The range resolution of 6 cm and the azimuth resolution of 8 cm are obtained, respectively.