The current pulse laser acoustic signal detection methods are highly susceptible to environmental noise, resulting in unsatisfactory detection accuracy. Propose a pulse laser acoustic signal detection method based on spatial transformation technology. Firstly, the wavelet threshold method is used to remove noise from the pulse laser acoustic signal; Secondly, using spherical Fourier space transformation technology to locate the sound source in the acoustic signal and obtain the accurate position of the acoustic signal; Finally, the ratio feature, specific gravity feature, and frequency feature of the acoustic signal are extracted separately, and based on this, SVM algorithm is used to classify and recognize them, in order to achieve effective detection of pulsed laser acoustic signals. The experimental results show that the acoustic signal detection accuracy of the proposed method exceeds 96%.