With the development of photovoltaic industry, the demand for silicon materials increases, and the competition in monocrystalline silicon manufacturing is becoming increasingly fierce. To improve efficiency and reduce cost, single crystal furnace operating under a driving system with high stability and reliability is of importance. This paper aims to design and optimize the driving system of the single crystal furnace. The driving system of NVT-HG2000-V1 silicon single crystal growth furnace was taken as the research object. The virtual assembly with SolidWorks 3D modeling was realized, and its dynamic simulation model with ADAMS was established. Then the motion process of the driving system was simulated. Using single variable method, the influence of the fit clearance between copper sleeve and lifting shaft as well as the screw parameters on the driving force and torque was quantitatively analyzed. The results show that when the fit clearance between copper sleeve and lifting shaft reaches 0.071 mm, the driving torque required for the operation of the driving system can effectively reduces. The increase of lead screw inclination, thread pitch and friction coefficient between threads will lead to a significant increase in the torque required for the operation of the driving system. Reasonable technical suggestions have been proposed based on the research.