In industrial settings, there is a significant demand for 3D measurement of workpieces with high dynamic range surfaces. However, existing line laser monocular vision measurement methods struggle to meet the challenges of such high dynamic range scenes. In order to ensure the accuracy and reliability of 3D measurement of workpiece with high dynamic range, a high adaptability linear laser monocular vision measurement method is proposed. This method improves the laser fringe region segmentation, multi-scale adaptive laser fringe center extraction algorithm, and presents a reflection interference removal algorithm based on maximum deterministic inference. Finally, point cloud splicing, statistical filter to remove sparse outlier noise, and voxel raster filter to sampling point cloud drop processing are used to achieve reliable measurement of workpiece on high dynamic range surface. The experimental results show that the maximum measurement error is less than ±0.088 mm for the three dimensional measurement of several high dynamic range standard blocks. A representative high dynamic range workpiece lapel shaper was measured and the real 3D shape of the workpiece was accurately measured. The method proposed in this paper has high adaptability to the measurement object, the measurement results have good reliability and accuracy, and meet the general measurement requirements.