In hot strip rolling processes, the load model plays a pivotal role, and the accuracy of load calculation critically determines product quality, rolling stability, and equipment wear. The principles of three core models are elucidated: the load distribution model, the adaptive rolling-force control model, and the second-flow adaptive control model. The second-flow adaptive control model dynamically balances inter-stand flow by real-time monitoring of loop angles and rolling force self-learning coefficients, effectively mitigating loop over-lifting and the cobble problem. The implementation of this model reduced the incidence of loop anomalies from 38.5% to 11.4%, while significantly improving the production automation rate and rolling stability.