Harmonious and beautiful villages in Wuhu City, Anhui Province was taken as a case study to introduce its development in terms of industrial support and factor guarantee, while areas requiring further improvement were analyzed and optimization strategies were proposed. As an important lever for implementing the comprehensive rural revitalization strategy, the construction of research areas and beautiful rural areas has achieved significant results in industrial support, infrastructure construction, ecological environment governance, and other aspects. However, during the construction process, certain aspects were identified as needing enhancement, such as industrial models, villager participation, and regional development, and ecological development. Based on these findings, the following strategies were proposed: highlighting distinctive positioning (by exploring intangible cultural heritage, developing diversified industries, and adopting differentiated planning); encouraging villager involvement (through information disclosure, public opinion collection, and providing channels to enhance their role as key participants); and coordinating regional development (by tilting policy resources toward lessdeveloped areas, improving transportation and medical facilities, and cultivating local talent while attracting returnees); carrying out ecological environment governance (promote decentralized sewage treatment technology, expand the pilot of integrated farming and circular agriculture, and introduce enterprises to participate in the industrial chain of waste resource utilization). These strategies were intended to provide references for the construction of harmonious and beautiful villages.