In order to preliminarily explore the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of SO2 and NO2 in the atmosphere of Huainan area, one self-developed differential absorption lidar system was used to measure the distribution profiles of SO2 and NO2 concentrations in the atmosphere of a certain Huainan area in some months. The typical examples were selected and the distribution characteristics of SO2 and NO2 were analyzed from three aspects of diurnal variation of horizontal concentration, variation of vertical concentration and monthly variation of horizontal concentration of gases. The results show that, the concentration of SO2 and NO2 at night on the same day was higher than that at afternoon. The vertical concentration of SO2 and NO2 decreased with the increase of altitude. The monthly variation of horizontal concentration of SO2 and NO2 gas is the highest in winter and the lowest in summer, the second in spring and autumn months. The variation of SO2 and NO2 concentration is the result of the interaction of population activities and meteorological conditions.