Mach-Zehnder-Sagnac (MZ-Sagnac) interferometric distributed optical fiber vibration sensing technique is a widely used interferometric distributed optical fiber sensing technique, which has the advantages of high stability, good versatility, simple structure, and easy to deploy. This paper summarizes the research progress on MZ-Sagnac interferometric distributed optical fiber vibration sensing technology in recent years, systematically describes the basic principles and practical applications of MZ-Sagnac interferometric distributed optical fiber sensing technology, compares the performance of relevant works, and looks forward to the future development of MZ-Sagnac interferometric distributed optical fiber vibration sensing technology.