High-order vector Bessel vortex beams， due to their non-diffracting， self-healing properties and the simultaneous presence of anisotropic vortex polarization distribution and helical phase on their cross-sections， have significant application potential in fields such as information transmission， imaging， anti-interference， and particle manipulation. This paper， based on the mode extraction principle and optical pen technology， replaced the traditional method of generating high-order vector Bessel vortex beams by modulating two separate beams. It simulated and experimentally verified the generation of high-order vector Bessel vortex beams from a single incident beam， and studied their transmission characteristics and self-healing properties in free space. Additionally， taking the topological charge and the vortex order of the vector Bessel vortex beam as 0， 1， and 2 respectively， the influences of the two on the transmission and self-healing properties of the vector Bessel vortex beam were compared and analyzed. Both numerical simulations and optical experiments showed that during beam transmission， the order of the vortex beam and the topological charge did not affect the non-diffracting state of maintaining the central region's light intensity from diverging； after encountering obstacles that disrupted propagation， beams with smaller topological charges required less time for self-healing. This has important potential significance for application research in optical trapping， optical imaging， optical communication， and other fields.