Optical fiber Fabry-Perot(F-P) sensor is an important branch of optical fiber sensor, which has the advantages of high detection accuracy, large measurement dynamic range, intrinsic explosion-proof and so on. It has been widely studied and applied in the industrial field. For the high temperature and harsh environment over 1 000 ℃, ordinary electrical sensors can’t meet the application requirements. In recent years, many experts and scholars have devoted themselves to the development of high temperature optical fiber F-P sensors. Many high temperature sensors with novel structure and excellent performance have been obtained by continuously optimizing and improving the structure and preparation process of the sensors, and selecting new high temperature resistant materials. Based on the interference principle of F-P cavity, the sensing mechanism of fiber F-P sensor is introduced. The research progress of fiber F-P temperature sensor, pressure sensor, strain sensor, vibration sensor and composite sensor is summarized respectively. The problems and challenges of current research are analyzed. Finally, the development process of optical fiber F-P sensor is summarized, and its future development trend is prospected.