In order toinvestigate the mechanism of top-hat laser cleaning of carbon fiber reinforced composite (CFRP), considering the significant differences in the absorption and reflection characteristics of the components of CFRP, the laser load is layered to the meso-finite element model of CFRP. The dual effect of thermal ablation and thermal stress is introduced to restore the morphology of single-pulse flat-top laser cleaning at different energy densities, and to complete the experimental validation. The results show that the layered application of laser load can effectively improve the simulation accuracy compared with the traditional surface loading mode, and the dual criterion of thermal ablation-thermal stress can further improve the morphology reduction effect. The long-axis accuracy of the simulated topography of this model is not less than 96.64%, and the area accuracy reaches 80.00%. Therefore, the instantaneous temperature field distribution of high-precision models can guide the actual process of laser cleaning of CFRP surface resin.