In this study, we analyze the vertical distribution characteristics of aerosols in the Langfang city on clean, hazy, and cloudy days based on the ground-based lidar and CALIPSO satellite data and determine the possible sources of pollutants. The analysis results denote that the extinction coefficient profiles of the two lidar inversions are consistent under clear, hazy, and cloudy conditions and that the correlation coefficient is large. Small amounts of dust aerosols below 2 km can be observed on clear days, with an extinction coefficient of less than 0.2 km ^-1, a depolarization ratio concentrated in 0.10-0.30, a color ratio concentrated in 0.5-1.0, high particle non-sphericity, and large particle size. Below 500 m, there exists a collection of fine particles exhibiting high sphericity on hazy days, with a maximum extinction coefficient of greater than 2 km ^-1, small depolarization and small color ratios. Additionally, the polluted continental aerosols and the polluted dust are observed to simultaneously exist. On cloudy days, the extinction coefficient is large at the vertical height, where cloud layers appear, and the profile shows a sharp peak. The depolarization ratio is mostly less than 0.02, and the color ratio is concentrated at approximately 0.10. Furthermore, a small amount of dust aerosols is distributed under the influence of an updraft below 7 km.