The new-generation ocean color observation satellite is a key marine remote sensing research satellite under China's 13th Five-Year Plan. It carries three payloads: an ocean color and temperature scanner, a programable medium resolution imaging spectrometer, and a coastal zone imager. The satellite platform integrates 46 remote sensing spectral bands for ocean color and temperature detection, covering ultraviolet, visible, near-infrared, short-wave infrared, and mid-/long-wave infrared wavelengths. It achieves multiple spatial resolutions (5 m, 20 m, 100 m, and 500 m) and demonstrates improvements in radiation quality, system accuracy, operational efficiency, and service lifespan. These capabilities meet the requirements for multi-element, multi-scale, and multi-task ocean observation, with performance reaching or approaching that of international counterparts in ocean color remote sensing. This article introduces the technical features, development risk control, and on-orbit testing of the new-generation ocean color observation satellite, providing a comprehensive summary of its innovations.