To address the inefficiency of single piezoelectric energy harvesters in broadband vibration environments and the significant space requirements of composite energy harvesters, a spatially multiplexed, dual-resonance, piezoelectric-friction hybrid vibration energy harvester was designed. This innovative harvester employs a dual-cantilever beam structure. The upper cantilever beam produces electricity using piezoelectric materials, whereas the lower cantilever beam features a PDMS film affixed to its surface. During vibrations, the upper cantilever beam makes contact with and separates from the PDMS film, generating triboelectricity and thereby achieving a hybrid system of piezoelectric and frictional energy harvesting. This design optimizes space usage and expands the harvesting bandwidth. COMSOL software was used to analyze the stress and displacement at different frequencies, confirm the structural viability, and simulate the electrical output characteristics. The experiments validated the accuracy of the theoretical and simulation findings, showing that at an excitation frequency of 7 Hz, the frictional voltage output of the harvester reached a maximum of 1.40 V. At an excitation frequency of 63 Hz, the maximum piezoelectric and frictional voltage outputs were 7.70 and 11.81 V, respectively.