In view of the present phase sensitive optical time-domain reflectometer (φ-OTDR) distributed optical fiber sensing system is difficult to distinguish the disturbance effectively. A disturbance modes recognition method based on multi-parameters is presented. A weighted average synthetic evaluation function is used for characteristic parameters pattern recognization including square difference, short time level crossing rate, short time Fourier transform and duration of the disturbance. By the proposed method, four disturbance modes including stress damage (breaking), climbing, watering (simulate rain environment) and mild crushing (simulate harmless artificial disturbance) are effectively recognized. The recognition rate of disturbance pattern recognization is realized as 91.2%, 88.3%, 90% and 86.7%, respectively, for the corresponding four disturbance modes by analyzing the statistics of 60 groups of 240 samples. The proposed method breaks though the limitation of disturbance modes recognized by current single-characteristic parameter method and improves the reliability of disturbance pattern recognization.