Simulated annealing algorithm combined with illuminance superposition theory model is used to describe the design method of LED arrays scheme for large area high uniform lighting from two aspects of light source luminous angle and arrangement mode in this paper, and the accuracy of the algorithm and conclusion is verified by experiments,in order to solve the problem that the ambient light simulation system in the aircraft cockpit ergonomics experimental verification platform can achieve high uniform illumination distribution on a large area target surface. The results show that the illuminance of the light source arrays arranged according to the modularization of 363 LED light sources can reach 5×104 lx in the range of 4 m×4 m target plane at the distance of 1.5 m, and the uniformity of illuminance is 98.17%. It meets the design requirements of large-area, high-intensity, and high-uniformity high-altitude ambient light simula-tion systems, and can provide a reference for the design of lighting systems that achieve high-uniform illuminance distribution on large-area target surfaces.