As the core component of information perception, sensor is the key bridge linking the physical world and the digital world, and it is the important cornerstone of new generation information technology. Firstly, the irreplaceable strategic value of sensing technology is discussed in basic science innovation, industrial upgrading and national defense engineering, etc., under the empowerment of artificial intelligence (AI) . Then, the technological breakthroughs and development trends of high-end sensors are analyzed in device upgrading, intelligent algorithms and system integration driven by AI convergence, and China's structural challenges in the global competition of high-end sensing technology are deeply deconstruct. Then, it systematically explains the application scenarios and core roles of high-end sensors in various fields in China and puts forward specific development paths to realize autonomous control of intelligent sensor. Finally, the prospective study is constructed from the dual perspectives of technology evolution trends and industrial ecology construction. This study provides a theoretical and practical guidance framework for China to break through the bottleneck of sensing technology and build a safe and controllable intelligent sensor industry system.