Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a highly promising and precise cancer treatment technique with substantial application prospects worldwide. The neutron transport process directly influences beam characteristics and accuracy of treatment planning.

This study aims to use the advanced Monte Carlo software, NECP-MCX, to investigate the neutron transport in an accelerator-driven BNCT (AB-BNCT) device.

The advanced Monte Carlo software, NECP-MCX, was used to investigate the neutron transport in an AB-BNCT device and calculate the beam parameters at the exit of the beam-shaping assembly (BSA), and results were compared with that calculated using the mainstream Monte Carlo software MCNP software. The relative biological dose deposition in Snyder head phantoms using various databases was calculated using both NECP-MCX and MCNP for comparative analysis. [Results andConclusions] The results show that in the design of the designated beam-shaping assembly, the neutron beam parameters obtained from NECP-MCX simulations minimally deviated from those calculated using the mainstream Monte Carlo software. The values satisfy the specifications of the International Atomic Energy Agency, confirming the applicability of NECP-MCX for neutron transport simulation in AB-BNCT. Regarding the Snyder head phantom, the relative biological dose parameters obtained by matching NECP-MCX with different databases satisfy clinical treatment standards, providing a foundation for selecting databases in the biological-based treatment planning system.