Optical sensors are extensively utilized in scientific research and various social production and living activities. Traditional optical sensors are limited by their large size and integration challenges, hindering advancements towards miniaturization and portability. Micro/nano optical sensors with small size and easy integration could effectively solve the problems faced by traditional optical sensors, the metasurface optical sensors with the advantages of high design freedom, sensitivity, reliability, and multi-information acquisition will be a feasible path to realize integration and miniaturization optical sensors. Metasurface is a powerful light-field manipulation tool, it’s convenient to achieve the function customization of sensors by directional design of metasurface unit structure. The incorporation of artificial intelligence algorithms and deep learning in the design and optimization of metasurface structures significantly enhances efficiency and accuracy, reducing time costs. Metasurface optical sensors, leveraging their design, functionality, and convenience, hold significant application value and potential in areas such as biological and medical detection, optical switching, and optical computing.