To systematically evaluate the effect of peripheral defocus spectacle lenses on adolescents’ myopia control in literature databases using a Meta-analysis approach. A computerized search of Chinese and English literature databases was conducted with a search time frame from the establishment to 2022-10. After methodological quality evaluation, six literature articles, including 1 021 children, were finally included, and Meta-analysis was performed using Revman 5.4 software. Results showed that peripheral defocus glasses were able to delay the growth of refraction and axial length in myopic children compared to single-vision lenses (SVLs), with statistically significant differences (P < 0.01). In the results of the subgroup analysis, only the first 12 months of follow-up with peripheral defocusing glasses were able to control the increase in refraction and axial length, with no significant difference in the second 12 months of follow-up. Peripheral defocus myopic control lenses can delay the development of the spherical equivalent refraction and growth of axial length in children and adolescents.