To disclose the gemological characteristics of the increasingly numerous dyed Hongjiaohua crystals in the market, natural and dyed Hongjiaohua crystal samples are observed and tested using gemological microscope, ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer, photoluminescence spectrometer, and Raman spectrometer. The results indicate that the inclusion morphological characteristics of natural and dyed Hongjiaohua crystals exhibit significant discrepancies. Inclusions within natural Hongjiaohua crystals exhibit moss, film, nodular, speckled, cloudy, and gauzy forms. While the inclusions within dyed Hongjiaohua crystals may be in the form of colloidal contraction or condensation cracking of organic matter, with pigment colloids often in granular form. Additionally, a difference exists in their ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectra. Natural samples display an absorption band approximately at 410 nm and a notable deceleration in the slope of the spectrum around 666 nm. Both of these phenomena are ascribed to the transition of Fe³⁺ within hematite and goethite. However, dyed Hongjiaohua crystals lack this characteristic. The first derivative spectra of the diffuse reflectance spectra for natural samples indicate the presence of hematite, and some samples exhibit the characteristic peak of goethite. A difference of luminescence is also obvious between natural and dyed samples. Natural specimens exhibit no distinct spectral peaks in their photoluminescence spectra, whereas dyed samples present characteristic peaks that are indicative of the presence of dyes. Raman spectroscopy is employed to analyze the surface inclusions of natural Hongjiaohua crystals, thereby confirming that the primary component of these inclusions is hematite.