Laser wireless energy transmission technology has the advantages of high power, long transmission distance, non-contact operation, and simultaneous energy and information transmission, and is expected to become a revolutionary energy transmission method, showing great application potential in consumer electronics, drones, aerospace and other fields. In this paper, the core module of laser wireless energy transmission technology and its development status in the fields of ground, aerospace and underwater at home and abroad are analyzed, and the technical challenges are summarized. Finally, the future development trend of laser wireless energy transmission system is discussed.