Ptychography achieves large field-of-view, high-resolution imaging by leveraging relative movement between the illumination probe and the sample under test. However, its imaging resolution is highly dependent on the positioning accuracy of the motion stage. To address this limitation, we propose a scanning position error correction method for ptychographic imaging based on parallel cross-correlation. By constructing a virtual probe matrix, the method calculates the cross-correlation peaks among the actual probe before and after updating, as well as the virtual probe, in parallel. Additionally, a dynamic weighting function optimization is employed to achieve efficient and robust correction of scanning position errors. This approach significantly enhances the efficiency of actual probe correction while eliminating the need for complex parameter tuning or high upsampling rates. It effectively prevents oscillations and crosstalk during the convergence process and avoids local optima traps. Results demonstrate that the method achieves an accuracy of 0.005 pixel within 100 iterations. Compared to simulated annealing, particle swarm optimization, and serial cross-correlation position calibration methods, it improves convergence speed by 10×, 4×, and 3×, respectively, while boosting calibration accuracy by 20×, 10×, and 6×. These advancements pave the way for extending position error calibration to applications in Fourier ptychographic imaging and tomography.