In order to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency at the receiving end of the laser wireless energy transmission system, and to compare and verify the advantages and disadvantages of different optimization design methods at the receiving end, experimental studies on different arrangements of photoelectric arrays are carried out. In this paper, three types of photovoltaic arrays, a single series layout, a sequential series-parallel combination layout, and a series-parallel combination layout based on the illumination distribution, are developed and experimentally investigated. Under Gaussian distributed spot irradiation, the output characteristics of the sequential series-parallel arrangement and the series-parallel arrangement based on illumination distribution are compared, and the output characteristics of the single series-parallel arrangement under uniform illumination are alsocompared. The results show that the photoelectric efficiencies obtained in different series-parallel arrangements and under different illumination conditions are quite different. The single series arrangement has the highest photoelectric conversion efficiency under uniform illumination, which is 39.14%. And under Gaussian distributed illumination, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the series-parallel arrangement based on the illumination distribution is 33.3%, which is twice as much as the efficiency of the sequential series-parallel arrangement. The results can provide a reference for the optimal design of the receiving end of the laser wireless energy transmission system.