The area array CCD has the advantages of high sensitivity and wide dynamic range, which is suitable for fluorescence measurement, DNA sequencing, Raman spectroscopy and low photometric detection. Therefore, it is of great practical value to develop high sensitivity micro fiber spectrometer based on area array CCD. The optical resolution of 1 nm is obtained by using an optimized cross-asymmetric Czerny-Turner optical system structure. By combining the design methods of DC-DC and LDO, the complex power system with 6 voltage outputs is realized through USB power supply. The CCD drive timing design is achieved by Verilog HDL language and the signals are output through Altera's EPM7064 chip. After the CCD output video signal is converted by high-speed 16 bit AD chip AD9826, digital signals are stored in a separate static RAM, allowing dacquisition and reading of data to be separated. The sensitivity of designed micro-high sensitivity spectrometer is 11 times of that of spectrometer based on linear array CCD. Furthermore, it has a dynamic range of 20000: 1 and a signal-to-noise ratio of 500: 1. This work greatly improves the microfiber spectrometer performance.