In this paper, a low carbon and low cost solid waste based grouting material was developed using steel slag, slag and desulfurization gypsum. The workability, mechanical properties and impermeability of the solid waste based grouting materials were systematically studied. The hardening mechanism was analyzed by XRD, SEM and MIP, and compared with cement based grouting materials. The results show that compared with cement, the solid waste based cementitious materials can improve the workability and stone rate of the grouting material, reduce the bleeding rate significantly in water-rich environment, but the setting time is greatly extended. The early strength of solid waste based grouting materials is low, and the late strength is greatly increased, which exceeds the requirement of 2.5 MPa for 28 d strength of grouting materials used for water plugging. More hydration products ettringite (AFt) and hydrated calcium silicate (C-S-H) gels are generated from the hydration of solid waste based grouting materials, which interpenetrate and overlap with each other, fill the internal pores, make the microstructure more dense, increase the content of gel pores, and decrease the porosity, thus greatly improving the impermeability and mechanical properties