In order to explore the TC4 titanium alloy aircraft skin materials of laser cutting technology, the laser cutting process is analyzed theoretically and a mathematical model is established in this paper. The initial perforation and cutting process of laser cutting are simulated by ANSYS finite element software, the reasonable piercing time of titanium alloy specimens with a certain thickness, the propagation rule of temperature in the plate during cutting and the distribution of temperature field at different cutting speeds are obtained. The results show that When the laser starts to perforate, the perforation time of 1000W power is the shortest, which is 0.12s; the perforation aperture is larger and not affected by the power change; the power and spot diameter are constant, the slower cutting speed is easier to penetrate the titanium alloy plate, but the slit increases with the cutting speed decreasing. Through piercing and cutting experiments on titanium alloy plate, the morphology of the initial hole and the cutting edge was observed on the CCD image measuring instrument. It was found that the initial aperture was 1.35 times the width of the cutting edge; the cutting seam is inverted cone from top to bottom, and the upper part has high precision and the lower part has large slag hanging. This further explains the law of temperature propagation in the cutting process. These conclusions provide a reference and basis for the application of laser cutting technology to the cutting of aircraft skin materials.