Measuring precision and imaging quality are affected by position and attitude for cameras on photoelectric theodolite largely. A method of calibration outfield for the camera on photoelectric theodolite is presented based on the principles of photogrammetry in position and attitude. Firstly, the mathematical model of calibration was established and the calibration mark image outfield was obtained. Secondly, the angle was corrected by identified images and the parameters of the camera in position and attitude were calculated by using the bundle adjustment method. Finally, the precision analysis is made. Testing result shows that the calibration precision is reliable by this method.