A binary spatiotemproal encoding method for structured light projection of three-dimensional measurement is proposed. Through the projection of three binary encoded fringe patterns, every discontinuities in the wrapped phase are encoded with the code values in the left and right sides of the stripe boundary. During measurement, according to the initial position of discontinuities, the gray values in the left and right sides of the discontinuities in the three encoded patterns can be got, and each discontinuities can obtain a binary code, after decoding the order of the discontinuities can be calculated, thereby the corresponding order of fringe pattern can be determined. According to the order of fringe pattern, the absolute phase can be got. The experimental results show that the encoded method effectively decreases the number of encoded patterns and improves the measurement speed under the premise of ensuring the measurement accuracy and reliability, and it is very suitable for high speed three-dimensional measurement system.