In order to improve the comprehensive utilization rate of solid waste in concrete, a new type of concrete with high efficiency of solid waste absorption was prepared. Through the optimization of raw materials and L16 (43) orthogonal test design, the effects of rubber particles (RP) replacing sand, glass powder (GP) replacing cement and recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) replacing natural coarse aggregate (NCA) on the mechanical properties and impact resistance of concrete were studied by range analysis and variance analysis. The Weibull distribution model was used to fit the impact test results and predict the failure probability. The results show that the primary and secondary order of the effects of various factors on the mechanical properties of concrete is RP, RCA and GP, and the primary and secondary order of the effects of various factors on the impact resistance of concrete is RP, GP and RCA. When RP content is 20% (volume fraction), compared with the RP content of 0%, the impact resistance increases by 81.8%, and the compressive strength and splitting tensile strength reduce by 21.63% and 12.65%, respectively. When GP content is 10% (mass fraction), compared with the GP content of 0%, the compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and impact resistance increase by 2.87%, 2.35% and 15.0%, respectively. When RCA content is 70% (volume fraction), compared with the RCA content of 0%, the compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and impact resistance reduce by 11.01%, 10.77% and 10.5%, respectively. Weibull distribution model can accurately describe the probability distribution of impact resistance times of rubber glass powder recycled concrete samples.