Microwave power module (MPM) is a new type of microwave power device which is a combination of vacuum electronic devices and solid-state electronic devices. It has the characteristics of high frequency, wide bandwidth, large power and small volume and weight, which makes the application of conventional traveling wave tubes more convenient and extensive. Modern warfare is developing towards the integration of radar and electronic warfare, which requires that the power amplifier can work in both high-mode with high peak power and low duty cycle and low-mode with low peak power and quasi-continuous wave. To meet this demand, combined with the requirements of common aperture of electronic system, this paper presents the T/R dual-mode MPM technology. The core of the T/R dual-mode MPM technology is a T/R dual-mode traveling wave tube. Based on the three-port bidirectional T/R traveling wave tube, the signal reverse receiving function is realized by setting a coupling port near the attenuator of the slow wave system. The dual-mode bidirectional function of MPM is realized through the design of T/R dual-mode traveling wave tube, dual-mode amplifier and equalizer, and dual-modulation grid power supply. T/R dual-mode MPM has broad application prospects, especially in combat applications based on Unmanned Aerial Vehicle platform.