The history, present situation and future development trend of volume holographic storage technology are reviewed based on the timeline. The principle and characteristic of volume holographic data storage are introduced and the development process at home and abroad is summarized. Then key techniques such as driver technology, recording materials, channel processing technology are summarized respectively. The Latest development of phase encoded and polarization volume holographic data storage is introduced. Finally, the technical problems that affect the practical application of volume holographic storage are analyzed. It is considered that the inter-page crosstalk noise, the material scattering noise and the material shrinkage are the three bottlenecks that limit the storage density, which need to be solved in the follow-up study.