This study explored the enhancement of magnesium oxychloride cement (MOC) properties by ferrous gluconate, including compressive strength, water resistance and degradability. In experiments, ferrous gluconate was added to MOC at varying proportion from 0.2% to 0.8% (mass fraction). The results show that 0.2% ferrous gluconate increases the 14 d compressive strength of MOC to (78.14±1.32) MPa, which is 19.3% higher than that of the control group. Additionally, the modified MOC demonstrates a higher 7 d softening coefficient (0.59) in water resistance tests, superior to that of the unmodified sample (0.29). At the dosage of 0.8% ferrous gluconate, the yield stress and plastic viscosity of MOC paste are reduced by 9.118 Pa and 0.112 Pa·s, respectively. The modified MOC has better fluidity and is convenient for practical application operation and control. These results confirm the significant potential of ferrous gluconate in enhancing the compressive strength, water resistance, and regulating the degradability of MOC.