The existing visible light multi-carrier communication systems suffers low transmission rate and critical inter-frame interference, the Salp Swarm Algorithm is taken advantage of to optimize the modulation module algorithm of visible light multi-carrier communication systems, in order to increase the data transmission rate of visible light communication. The characteristics of multi-carrier modulation of visible light communication system is analyzed in detail, and comprehensively considers the important parameters of relative modulation systems, it also presents a reasonable quality evaluation function. The exploration operation of Cuckoo Search is introduced the into Salp Swarm Algorithm to enhance the global search power of that algorithm, finally the improved Salp Swarm Algorithm is taken advantage to optimize the multi-carrier modulation module of visible light communication systems. Simulation experimental results show that the parameters of visible light communication multi-carrier modulation can be optimized with the Salp swarm algorithm, and the transmission speed of the visible light communication increases effectively.