In order to analyze the effect of laser surface modification treatment of magnesium alloy materials for sports equipment, magnesium alloy materials were preprocessed, and the laser melting treatment process was determined. Moreover, the hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the surface of magnesium alloy materials were calculated, and the database of the detection data in research period was developed, which was analyzed by using SPSS17.0 software. Results show that when the laser power used in the laser melting modification treatment is 3 kW, the hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the modified magnesium alloy surface are improved most obviously. Experiments show that laser melting treatment can enhance the hard content of the surface of magnesium alloy materials, strengthen precipitation, refine α-Mg grains, reduce the spacing between β phases, and form a denser Al2O3 oxide film. These results make the distribution of impurity elements in the magnesium alloys more uniform, thereby improving the physical, chemical and mechanical properties of the surface of the magnesium alloy material, and improving the hardness, corrosion resistance and wear resistance of the magnesium alloy material.