Large laser gyroscopes, based on the Sagnac effect, are considered to be suitable sensors for precise monitoring of the Earth's rotation for potential ground-based scientific research and major engineering applications, such as Universal Time 1 (UT1), solid Earth tide observations, rotational seismic wave detection, and the testing of predicted gravitational magnetic effects in general relativity. The sensitivity of laser gyroscopes increases with the size of their ring cavity and the long-term stability of its operation is influenced by environmental changes. The paper explores the impact of various environmental factors on the sensitivity and stability of large laser gyroscopes. It delves into the effects of temperature, tilt, air pressure, and wind, and the Sagnac frequency difference correction and disposal method of monitoring the changes of environmental factors on its output are analyzed and illustrated, so as to provide relevant guidance for the enhancement of the application performance of large laser gyroscope.